The Download: AI’s role in math, and calculating its energy footprint

This is today’s edition of The Download, our weekday newsletter that provides a daily dose of what’s going on in the world of technology. What’s next for AI and math The modern world is built on mathematics. Math lets us model complex systems such as the way air flows around an aircraft, the way financial markets fluctuate,…

Jun 4, 2025 - 14:20
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The Download: AI’s role in math, and calculating its energy footprint

This is today’s edition of The Download, our weekday newsletter that provides a daily dose of what’s going on in the world of technology.

What’s next for AI and math

The modern world is built on mathematics. Math lets us model complex systems such as the way air flows around an aircraft, the way financial markets fluctuate, and the way blood flows through the heart. Mathematicians have used computers for decades, but the new vision is that AI might help them crack problems that were previously uncrackable.  

However, there’s a huge difference between AI that can solve the kinds of problems set in high school—math that the latest generation of models has already mastered—and AI that could (in theory) solve the kinds of problems that professional mathematicians spend careers chipping away at. Here are three ways to understand that gulf

—Will Douglas HeavenThis story is from our What’s Next series, which looks across industries, trends, and technologies to give you a first look at the future. You can read the rest of them here.

Inside the effort to tally AI’s energy appetite

—James O’Donnell

After working on it for months, my colleague Casey Crownhart and I finally saw our story on AI’s energy and emissions burden go live last week. 

The initial goal sounded simple: Calculate how much energy is used when we interact with a chatbot, then tally that up to understand why leaders in tech and politics are so keen to harness unprecedented levels of electricity to power AI and reshape our energy grids in the process.

It was, of course, not so simple. After speaking with dozens of researchers, we realized that the common understanding of AI’s energy appetite is full of holes. I encourage you to read the full story, which has some incredible graphics to help you understand this topic. But here are three takeaways I have after the project.

This story originally appeared in The Algorithm, our weekly newsletter on AI. To get it in your inbox first, sign up here, and check out the rest of our Power Hungry package about AI here.

The must-reads

I’ve combed the internet to find you today’s most fun/important/scary/fascinating stories about technology.

1 Elon Musk has turned on Trump 
He called Trump’s domestic policy agenda a “disgusting abomination.” (NYT $)
House Speaker Mike Johnson has, naturally, hit back. (Insider $)

2 NASA is in crisis
Its budget has been cut by a quarter, and now its new leader has had his nomination revoked. (New Scientist $)
What’s next for NASA’s giant moon rocket? (MIT Technology Review)

3 Here’s how Big Tech plans to wield AI
To build ‘everything apps’ that keep you inside their ecosystem, forever. (The Atlantic $)
The trouble is, the experience isn’t always slick enough, as Google has discovered with its ‘Ask Photos’ feature. (The Verge $)
How to fight your instinct to blindly trust AI. (WP $)

4 Meta has signed a 20-year deal to buy nuclear power 
It’s the latest in a race to try to keep up with AI’s surging energy demands. (ABC)
Can nuclear power really fuel the rise of AI? (MIT Technology Review

5 Extreme heat takes a huge toll on people’s mental health
It’s yet another issue we’re failing to prepare for, as summers get hotter and hotter. (Scientific American $)
The quest to protect farmworkers from extreme heat. (MIT Technology Review)

6 China’s robotaxi companies are planning to expand in the Middle East 
And they’re getting a warmer welcome than in the US or Europe. (WSJ $)
China’s EV giants are also betting big on humanoid robots. (MIT Technology Review)

7 AI will supercharge hackers
The full impact of new AI techniques is yet to be felt, but experts say it’s only a matter of time. (Wired $)
+ Five ways criminals are using AI. (MIT Technology Review)

8 It’s an exciting time to be working on Alzheimer’s treatments                         </div>
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